_” AMIDE “_

Each one of the members of two classes of nitrogen-containing organic compound, always contains a carbonyl group (-C = O).

1.      The first class, amide kovalent is making by replacing the hydroxyl group (-OH) of the amino acid group (-NR2, where R may represent a hydrogen atom or an organic combining group such as methyl).

Amide formed from carboxylic acids, called carboxamides, is solid except   or the simplest, formamide is in liquid form. Amide does not conduct electricity, has a high boiling point, and (when liquid) is a good solvent. Peptides and proteins in living systems is a long chain (polymer) with a peptide bond. Urea is an amide with two amino groups. Commercial amides, including some covalent used as a solvent, while the other is a sulfa drug and nylon.

2.      The second class, the amide ions (such as salt), prepared by treating a covalent amide, amine or ammonia to the reactivity of metal (example sodium) and strong base. A derivatives of carboxylic acids with RCONH2 as a general formula, where R is hydrogen or alkyl or aryl radical. Amida is divided into several sub-classes, depending on the number of substituents on the nitrogen. Simple or primary, that is an amide formed by replacing the carboxylic hydroxyl group by an amino group NH2.

This naming compound name by dropping acid "-ic" or "-OCI" origin of the name of the carboxylic acid and replacing it with the suffix 'amide'.

In secondary and tertiary amides, one or both of the hydrogen is replaced by other groups. The existence of the group designated by the prefix N (for nitrogen).

Except for formamide, all the simple amides is melted solid, stable, and weak acids. They are strongly associated through hydrogen bonding, so soluble in the solvent
hydroxylic, such as water and alcohol.

Because of the ease of formation and a sharp melting point, amides are often used for identification of organic acids and amines identification. Commercial preparation of amides involves thermal dehydration of the carboxylic acid ammonium salt.