Minggu, 06 Maret 2011

_"Ethylene Gas"_

Ethylene Gas
Ethylene is a growth hormone produced from the result of normal metabolism in plants.
Ethylene plays a role in fruit ripening and leaf loss. 
Ethylene is also called ethene.
Ethylene compounds in plants are found in the gas phase, so called ethylene gas.
Ethylene gas is colorless and volatile.

Ethylene History
Period of ancient Egypt, ethylene has been used to stimulate fruit ripening
Period of ancient China, ethylene is used for ripening pear fruit with ethylene gas by providing the pears in a closed room
In 1864, highway lights were out of gas that can be made smaller and damaging root growth
In 1901, Russian scientist, Dimitri Neljubow found that the active compound is ethylene.
In 1917, scientists named Doubt found that ethylene can cause absisi (loss).
In 1934, scientists named Gane find an explanation of the synthesis of ethylene by plants.
In 1935, Croker found that ethylene is a plant hormone that plays a role in fruit ripening and inhibition of vegetative tissue.
 
Ethylene Benefits
    Ethylene is often used by our distributors and importers of fruit. The fruit is packaged in a not yet ripe when the fruit traders transported. Having arrived for trade, fruit is given ethylene (brooded) so quick to cook.
In fruit ripening, ethylene acts by breaking chlorophyll in young fruit, making fruit has only xantofil and carotene. Thus, the color becomes orange or red fruit.
In other applications, ethylene is used as an anesthetic (anesthetic).

 
Another function of ethylene in particular are:
End the period of dormancy
Stimulate the growth of roots and stems
Formation of adventitious roots
Stimulate absisi fruit and leaves
Stimulate interest induction Bromiliad
Induction of female sex cells of interest
Stimulate the expansion rate


Biosynthesis and Metabolism
      Ethylene is produced by higher plants from the amino acid methionine which is essential in all plant tissues. Ethylene production depending on tissue type, species of plants, and levels of development. Ethylene is formed from methionine through 3 processes:
ATP is an important component in the synthesis of ethylene. ATP and water will make methionine lost three phosphate groups.
1-Amino-1-carboxylic aminosiklopropana synthase (ACC-synthase) and then facilitate the production of ACC and SAM (S-adenosil methionine).
Oxygen is required to oxidize ACC and ethylene production. 

   This reaction is catalyzed using ethylene-forming enzyme.

     Recently conducted research that focuses on the effect of fruit ripening. ACC synthase in tomato becomes an enzyme that is manipulated through biotechnology for the slow ripening of fruit so that the flavor is maintained.

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